Humanistic Approach, Leadership and Motivation, Machiavelli, and Essay

Humanistic Approach, Leadership and Motivation, Machiavelli, and Conflict Resolution and Vision - Essay Example Humanistic Approach, Leadership and Motivation, Machiavelli, and Conflict Resolution and Vision. Specifically, I learnt that leaders may be born or made. This research helped me understand examples of leaders who are born with power and leadership and those who are made leaders. I also learnt that motivation is crucial in enhancing work performance, productivity, and satisfaction. I believe that this class has increased my knowledge in management. I will use this knowledge to impact those around me by helping them understand human behaviours and how they can foster motivation and effective leadership. Humanistic Approach Humanistic management is the process through which different streams of humanisms are linked or connected. It focuses on the field of economics and business as the primary force that drives the society. The humanistic approach to management helps to understand human beings as absolutely self-serving or independent individuals. We understand the concept of humanistic management on the basis of three dimensions. The first thing is that human beings deserve and exp ect their dignity and worth to be respected under all circumstances. Secondly, businesses and organizations must embrace ethical decisions that promote the well-being of employees and staff members. The last thing is that embracing corporate responsibilities is crucial in strengthening and maintaining an ongoing relationship with the stakeholders. According to Murray, Markides and Galavan (2008), it is appropriate to apply human approach in business context where dignity and respect of every individual is the foundation that builds and maintains interpersonal interaction. This approach helps the management to embrace every individual in the organization regardless of where he comes from or what he owns. The integration of ethical reflection into the business is the key process from which effective and quality decisions are made. The solitary managerial decision on where an action is ethically sound depends on the humanistic approach to management. However, the approach may not be ap propriate in providing excessive freedom. It is important to note that, the humanistic theory make some assumptions about human nature, which are not accepted as solid or complete. One cannot adequately argue that every individual should be given freedom to choose what he wants or not. This is because some people may make negative choices even when right solutions are staring at them. These facts plague the humanistic approach to management and therefore establish the need to offer sufficient guidance for positive change to occur. Still, it may not be appropriate when managers are mean and misunderstand how their employees perform their assigned duties. When managers treat their employees like this, they get depressed and sad and thus become unproductive in the workplace. Since humanistic approach to management is based on the self and client centred therapy, then it benefits people to discover and identify their personal capacity that stimulates self-assessment and self-development . This approach creates a ground for people to understand their strengths and work hard to improve on their weaknesses. However, this approach requires people to understand the root of their problem before building or fixing the solution. With this, this approach may not perfectly work for everyone since some people may be threatened and challenged to find out the root cause of their problems. Still, this approach regards that human beings must understand that they are hold

SPECIAL EVENT PART 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SPECIAL EVENT PART 2 - Coursework Example Even though the police had a right to maintain law and order in Miami Beach during the festive season, they have no right to arrest people who are trying to find out why their friends have been arrested. The police also needed to be sensitive to the fact that the visitors to the city had come from different States with different cultures. These visitors were therefore inclined to engage in behaviors that were weird and strange to other people. Such should not attract arrests but only a warning. I think that the police had directives from the Police chief to make a certain number of arrests to show that they were really working hard. This is the reason why they ended up arresting anyone whom they thought was breaking the law, which in some circumstances did not exist. An example is there was not law outlawing arguing with friends after having a drink. But the police interpreted this as a sign of misdemeanors. What the police department does is to come up with stringent laws that they do not expect to be followed by hundreds of become who have come down the beach to have fun. Someone would not expect that laws such as drinking, loud music, or even prohibiting littering will be adhered to people especially the youth who are coming down to lay their stress. â€Å"Increasing the number of arrests is yet another way they have tried to control the rowdy people that come down for the weekend. They enforce laws such as open containers, illegal parking, and loud music†. This seems to be their motto. I think what the Miami Beach police does is to deliberately come up with laws that they know very well that it is difficult to adhere to especially with a crowded and excited

The Strength Weakness Opportunities And Threats Analysis Information Technology Essay

The Strength Weakness Opportunities And Threats Analysis Information Technology Essay Selecting Google as main organization for the Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats Analysis (SWOT) has many reasons, which i cannot not elaborate fully all of them here due to some limitations, but no doubt everyone knows the advantages and reliability of finding and searching easily anything through Google. In this era of upcoming technologies, Google is also doing research like other organizations who are working day and nights to serve their customers fully and satisfactorily to yield the customers trust and to keep strengthen their market strategies. Here is a short overview of the Google which will give the detail specification and a birds eye view of the achievements (Battelle J., 2005). In the list of global internet related technologies and advertisement organizations, Google holds a significant name. It was designed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1996 in Stanford, USA., who were actually Ph.D. students. Its offer services relating to gateway search engines and also those organizations who are doing advertisements for different companies through Google. Googles search engines are responsible for holding a huge pile of web links and other relative online content which anyone can find easily there. Googles main income profile starts from delivering World Wide Web advertisement for various organizations. The organization operates with a massive workforce of almost twenty thousand people, based in Mountain View in California, USA. During the year of 2009, Google hit the target successfully to a remarkable figure of twenty three and half thousand million dollars with an increment of eight percent from year 2008. The organizations operating profit was almost eight thou sands and three hundred millions in year 2009 with an increment of twenty five percent from year 2008. In year 2009, accumulative profit for Google was sixty five hundred million dollars with an increment of fifty four percent in year 2008. With above given facts and figures we can understand well the ongoing performance of Google organization. Gradually its going up and up every day as compared to its last year performance. Google is not only giving services in search engines and web content but also in holding email accounts, communication softwares, offering news to the people and one of the most important feature which is Google maps. With Google maps we can find every place by just giving the name of the place or the city or country name and Google will pinpoint exactly which we type but it can also give the names of two or more places, like Virginia is a place which is in two or more countries. (http://www.google.com/corporate/milestones.html) Strengths An essential toolkit to implement in which way many human beings are finding is commonly available to the other people. By luring and giving attraction to the searching engines and its site traffic which is a significant ongoing and continuous improvement is bringing business for almost every person in relative field. People across the globe use Google search engine to find everything relative to their field of profession. People who belong to nearly every part of the life, even if they are students or high stream professional, architecture or scientist, they are using Google search engine to find quick results. Normally people use three browsers which are Firefox and Internet explorer and Mozilla. But most of the people like Google chrome as well because it supports many applications which hold music, movie streaming and operating websites. Now, many browsers do not support some features like some music or juke boxes but Google chrome nearly supports everything which viewers want to enjoy and they also inform other friends and family as well. No doubt colourful and delicate images perform an important role to attract the customers. When we go to some websites, images and scripts running at the back are the only first things which are most attractive and colourful to lure the customers to come back again and again. Even its a selling and buying Amazon or eBay website like or its pornographic website, people love images and they want to have a good experience. So there should be such an internet browser which could support all types of images and to show them in some real colourful life (Elias J. C., 2010). Commerce driven by electronic channels or in short term what we call E-Commerce relates to commercial actions which are buying and selling the products and other financial or legal services with the help of electronic systems specially Google. Internet and other electronic machines like FAX or communicating devices like network routers carry out the service over computer networks. Google relates also to Electronic Commerce whose history goes back to seventies and eighties where initially EDI(Electronic Data Interchange) and fund transfer happened been introduced to the world. From that time an enhanced and fast production system started in electronic commerce which elaborated in almost all scenes of the commercial organizations as well. For example Distribution systems management, implementing transactions and electronic marketing and also stock management. Googles mechanism of business strategies can also be analyzed and structured in many good terms and also brings down turns like any other normal commercial institute. We take a birds view of those significant and essential good and bad things of the Google. Among all of these huge and mighty good things of Googles services, is firstly makes able a corporation or sole trading business to get to the world market. Hence, it holds the requirements of all the local and international market volume, even if corporation actions are no more locked by global hurdles. Google is no doubt helping to mini organizations as well which get the availability of the introducing their products and to also bringing others services or products into their country. While implementing corporation activities sometimes huge implications might come across, where Google fights back to implement commercial transformations almost twenty four hours and on the day offs and on weekends as well. Enhancing business cond itions like that definitely mounts the sales figures up which pleases the share holders (Yadhav S. Sharma Y., 2010). E-commerce provides the consumers the availability to find for relatively buying those products which are available on cheaper rates. Google is also helping customers by giving an adversely easy approach on millions services and products and even by giving the producers detail to consumers which helps everyone to find the respective product at the cheaper level(www.buzzle.com). There are proven facts and figures that buying electronically is normally more easy and conceivable and its also saves the time of the customers rather than basic outdoor shops. Apart of all of these persons might find different feedback which are sent by other customers concerned to those products which have been bought form the respective website which might hold complain about the product. Issues related at corporation level, Google draws back and down turn the cost and figures involve in marketing, care of the consumer, storing information and stock holding management. These techniques cut down the time elapsed which have been involved in corporation planning and also in engineering involvement, customized services and products which face the available demand of the specific consumers, mounting production levels and consumers card holding services. Google decreases the weight of administration to hold corporations and hence increases the figures of the share holders fund availability to further essential investment. These issues make able respective consumers care help lines. Weaknesses Google is basically structurized in so many technology breakthroughs and intellectual peoples recommendations whom have limited the quantity of the persons utilizing the revolutionized schemas. One of the tallest disadvantage of Google is the world wide web services still have not given the benefits in some parts of the world, whether its the Zulu tribes in South Africa or its the red Indians living in the caves of the panama, still mankind has to bring the charming connectivity of the internet to some significant parts of the world. Even though a huge amount of the people who do no utilize the benefits of the internet due to some sort of the financial conditions they are still trying to achieve that. Beside of these issues many people still decline the trustworthy online business communications because they think they cannot see the other business party face to face. Most of the people still require reserved places due to the needs and goals which are highly conceivable among those people who have been trying for a while to achieve those. The basic surrounding factor of Google is that because its not in that suiting conditions to some people who want to buy food related products. There has been a local news that a girl bought some food from an Indian takeaway which has been advertised on the Google. The girl had an allergy consisted to nuts eating allergy but the takeaway management did not mention that food they make might contain allergy so eventually the girl dies on the spot. Still people relate to be in the shop in some more traditional method to use Google for buying food. So, finally Google is not very good for those business situations. The era in which we deliver these services to the people might require some physical products which might be some basic and essential in some cases. So many telephonic calls and electronic mails need to get assorted by people. Hence, coming back to the products and getting refunded in some more troublesome environment is quite consuming and elapsing. Thus, by analyzing the different advantages and disadvantages, we might assume that the pros and cons of the Google is quite essential to among all the people which are using that service (Bazalgette, P., 2008) Opportunities An enhanced and illustrated technique to find the relative issues which ties up the basic requirement and needs in consumer trust, might indulge the basic infrastructure and the continuous changing world. Google is basically regarded to some technological related factors because they have some inside concurrent issues which are considered very much accumulative due to the financial conditions of the company. No doubt Google is the biggest name of the century and it cannot be forgotten till end of the time because it has brought the people together and offered them different services. A massive quantity of human beings still are not in proper connection with an internet there are some geographical and environmental issues because they cannot buy internet related infrastructure. Recently Google launched their Android software for small pocket size electrical devices like mobile phones and games consoles. Sony Erickson and Google are in a joint business, where Google is designing operat ing software for the mobile phones of Sony Ericsson. These kinds of joint ventures of different organizations are necessary for long term business deals and projects. After launching their Android based devices people started enjoying their different features and they can also download a huge number of applications from the web. Threats No doubt scientist are working on their ongoing projects. Research work is being handled at regular basis in different institutions around the world specially in USA, Germany and Sweden. Reason of that is these governments are working hard to achieve research related targets and they also encourage people to think differently in scientific fields. Sweden and Germany are offering free education to everyone around the world but in return local universities achieve a handsome cash from government but in return they get research from different students. In response of the ongoing development and progress in World Wide Web and electronic commerce, different people are working hard to invent new technological breakthrough. Recently Face book which was designed by another student has become remarkably very popular among people around the world. So, to overcome financial and marketing related issues, Google must have to perform extra ordinary to yield the market and to keep stay top in the list. The most important and effective implications is the still a huge number of people are not comfortable buying food products through searched Google. Human being still want to buy from shops, like grocer giants TESCO and Sainsbury and Waite Rose and other market leading owners are delivering products, and its happened once a customer bought a packet of bananas which were brought from South America and they found a lizard hiding inside the pack of yellow bananas, so these kind of issues can come across to the producers and it can cause problems for the main company as well. Beside of buying on the shop, people have an idea to go outside with their friends and family and they enjoy shopping as well. Analysis Every organization has some good points to be leaded by other organizations and also some draw backs of which other companies keep themselves aware of that. Below is a table of general products consumed by people, which we can explain here: Sales Projection (Millions of $US and %) 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1 Total world sales $US 12,878 42,820 44,533 46,314 48,167 50,094 2 Total electronic music % 4.3 4.5% 4.7% 4.9% 5.2% 5.4% 3 Total electronic music $US 1,776 1,926 2,093 2,280 2,489 2,724 4 Estimated total online sales % 1.0 1.9% 3.5% 6.0% 10.5% 17.1% 5 Total online sales $US 402 812 1,554 2,800 5,040 8,568 6 Total online electronic $US 17 36 73 137 260 466 7 ar.com mkt share of above % 0.5% 2.0% 4.0% 6.4% 9.0% 11.6% 8 ar.com sales $US 0.087 0.73 2.92 8.82 23.34 54.26 Source : http://www.businessplans.org/audio/audio03.html Weighted average is defined in the second line which represents the market volume in electronic bought music. Line 5 shows the sales of the music which will overwhelm over the internet, because music is also downloadable, where CDs are delivered to customers, infect many people are still buying music in HMV and TESCO DVDs renting on the spot because they can see which one is available. The main reason is line5 is measured to the Jupiters facts and figures which tell that nearly half online sales happened in United States. It is very essential to remember that electronic equipment is not the basic music quality. Its require to increase its market. The bigger music names and on the web music shop like MP3.com are not in contact to help the market. The consumers view on the web buying is basically has some limitations, only twenty percent of survey shows that people have been buying music from world wide web. We even have faith that this service is basically has some draw back and with less music quantity which might affect the sales and fact and figures of the respective products and services. Infect, due to the concurrent online questionnaire, forty three percent people have inclined to pay for the music available on the web, where nineteen percent showed heavily interest and they bought the items on the web. The basic targeting strategy for Google is very uncertain, as it is inclined to those human beings who are tended to listen their favourite music and they want to buy music on the web. Google arranged a facts and figures survey of hundred repliers, among most of them basically in Canada, with nearly ten percent of repliers were from different countries and that facts and figures ratio were obtained from the web. As the people related to the marketing orientation and other factors which are essential for the betterment and easiness for the consumers are bringing reliability to the utmost reward of the pioneer higher management of the bigger and higher market leaders, nearly the age of twenty five which is a average age and one to three from university related people are buying the music from the web, besides of these situations the study also revealed that sixty five percent of the consumers were male. Another fact revealed that eighty one percent people from buyers have computers at home and they have the easiness of internet as well, almost ninety seven percent have the broadband facility at homes and they spent most of the time to watch and listen music from the World Wide Web. They do have the bandwidth speed reliability speed which is thirty one percent which is regarded to an average among the other people who do not use computers very often according to some different categories. People also intended to pay for high definition portable computers and TVs which is also available on high price on the market, but people still want to buy because they have easy accessible range to view and find the specifications of the products available in the online market. Almost twelve percent of the electronical music equipment and relative accessories loving people basically customize their products to their own musical accessories. This suggests that the rising prices of the high definition products nearly seventy five percent would likely to but by end of this coming year. This is because of the online marketing campaign of the marketing professionals and other people who are offering their services in this field. For example, in Germany and USA and Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain and Muscat, these countries are considered to maintain themselves with the upcoming technological breakthrough with the time of the environment, the main reason of that is the people in these countries are highly paid an average people income is higher than other developing countries. To authenticate the plan and design of the product features and its life cycle, it is highly determined factors that something is very much important and valuable which is deserved to be declared. Even in some all accessible and private owned computer machines and networks whereas the internet is including as well, to authenticate is basically go through the use of the username and pass code. By knowing someone pass code is highly sensitive issue and these private information should be kept safe and never written down on any paper or computer file. Reason of this is because hackers are always in a situation to grab someones ids and pass code to enter into a system where they are not allowed. For example, HSBC bank provides user id and password to their customers and they allow their customers to do online transactions and to do transfer money as well. But when money involved in any matter it become more serious so it should be handled very carefully and log out function plays also an important part there when a user finishes his or her online work they should finish their work. In case if they do not sign out or log out they might come across some hacking experience and fraud interventions in some public computers, so this is very sensitive matter. A concurrent World Wide Web related matters where a user name is entered is the basic mainframe of a user entry website. Database holding applications are very important web links because they hold all the customer information regarding their liking and disliking. Whenever a customer comes to the website, the customer operates and browse different pages and the websites hold the data he or she provide by user name and password by giving submitting the data, so the database holds the customer basic generic data to keep safe and to also keep their interests in their. Data integrity is also important, though, new flash drives have been designed and these drives are working well but there is still some factors involve that it might damage and its reliability can come across to some fatal damage. The basic and conventional method to dissolve this issue is called mirroring, by holding the both copies of the data on two different drives to hold the data. Finally, if Google designers are working on different projects then they should make sure that the world wide web link for their new website should be designed which could gently lead the client through the learning and sales process. The text of sales should be designed and planned to the utmost level of the grammar. Make sure there is well enough amount of text contents on the website to attract the searching engines and to inform respective consumers as well. (Babin, L.A. and Carder, S.T, 1996). Conclusion Hence, this discussion seems to be endless and Googles goals and objectives are the most popular world wide web resources for communication equipment and surfing the web, no matter what the people are accelerating the site of the purchasement and buying signals of the consumers, this is very important and significant factor to show that consumers is about to buy something but they dont know what to buy that the reason they choose the search engine. No doubt the IT and world wide web have some aspects on commercial decisions of the organizations. Corporations are taking huge money to electronic commerce applications but are still facing hard analysis and its effects to the modern infrastructure of the organizations. It clearly shows how a model can go ahead to lead to identify and to give properties of electronic commerce and its operations. We have taken a look that how a schema of recommendations works out and how its providing help to improve Google website can mount the sales targets and the organizations revenues. Google maintains the basic marketing strategy which aims to support the affirmative infrastructure and social ties among different sections of the people. Because when a product is launched, different advertising agencies worked on that and they spend utmost energy to introduce that product to the eyes of the consumers because this the basic step which people want to see the first hand product and finalize their purchase. Google conclude the essential E-commerce strategy which holds the main barriers to the conceivable energy among those people as well who are still neglecting the main stream professional line of the executives, because they are no doubt working on the best to introduce and bring the most beautiful picture to the horizon and even on the buses as well. Consequently, Google is offering services to almost every corner of the todays life and every individual human being or organization. Besides serving the whole global community Google management must have to bring new t echnologies inside their search engines to keep maintaining the latest requirements from the customer to yield the market in this tough marketing criteria.

Procrastination :: essays research papers

Procrastination Procrastination is a universal everyday phenomenon that can seem little more than clich‚, a small-talk joke or boast or complaint; we all do it, after all. Yet a newly reported survey of students at a large urban university in the U. S. is probably typical in that a majority (52%) of the students claimed a high or moderate need for assistance with regard to procrastination which is more than any other area of concern (www.info.wlu.ca). There are a great many causes to the addiction to this thing called procrastination. There are many underlying issues and causes of procrastination. Lack of relevance and interest are two of the most common causes. While perfectionism (having extremely high standards which are almost unreachable) is another. Evaluation anxiety, ambiguity, fear of failure and self-doubt, fear of success, inability to handle the task, lack of information needed to complete the task, environmental conditions, physical conditions, and anxiety over expectations that others have of you, are all very serious causes of procrastination. Poor time management is a great cause of procrastination. Procrastination means not managing time wisely. You may be uncertain of you priorities, goals and objectives. You may also be overwhelmed with the task. As a result, you keep putting off your academic assignments for a later date, or spending a great deal of time with your friends and social activities, or worrying about you upcoming examination, class project and papers rather than completing them. There are quite a few people that have difficulty concentrating. When you sit at your desk you find yourself daydreaming, staring into space, looking at pictures of your boyfriend/girlfriend, etc., instead of doing the task. Your environment is distracting and noisy. You keep running back and forth for equipment such as pencils, erasers, dictionary, etc.(www.wings.buffalo.edu/student-life/ccenter/Stress/procras.bro). Your desk is cluttered and unorganized and sometimes you sit or lay on your bed to study or do your assignments. You probably notice that all of the examples that you just read promote time wasting and frustration. Our behavioral patterns are another cause of procrastination. Getting started on an unpleasant of difficult task may seem impossible. Procrastination is likened to the physics concept of inertia - a mass at rest tends to stay at rest

Suggestions Canada health care

This essay will discuss the budget constraint model to understand the consumer behaviors towards health care and the Issue of adverse selection will also be analyzed, followed by the production of health care and the role f the government in the production of health care. This essay will conclude with suggestion of the lessons that policy makers in Canada can learn. Any of the economic models that exist must have assumptions; assumptions must be fulfilled to assert constancy.In the standard budget constraint model, there are three assumptions: (1) consumers are rational and have perfect information about quantity, pricing and the key players in healthcare, (2) there Is no uncertainty about the future, and (3) Important decisions are made as If the future Is known with certainty. Consumers can choose any affordable combination of healthcare and other odds. Among these bundles, consumer has a set of preference which provided different levels of satisfaction. The budget constraint model states that the demand for medical services is derived from the demand for health care and how the consumer produces health.Consumers do not purchase health. Indeed, they medical care inputs. An example of the Indian health market supports this model. India has a universal health care system of which government covers most medical services provided, similar to Canada. In India, many of the healthcare consumers are not able to produce health. Their ability to produce health is reduced by the poor vying conditions and living style. Patina in India is a slum; it is characterized with poverty, which encompasses low levels of health and income. People in this town are suffering in poverty and disease.Patina has been hit by the epidemics and develops symptoms that are attributed to tuberculosis due to poor sanitation and ventilation. They repeatedly require medical care. However, public-health system lacks the medical resources, leaving poor people at risk. This has forced consumer to sw itch to the private healthcare, but they cannot afford it. These poor people are often the cities, caught between lousy care and unaffordable care (Specter, 2010). Consumers have limited budget and, hence, healthcare production is restricted by their budget, so they have to look for the best affordable bundle of goods to meet their needs.Under lousy universal health care system, consumers are very much constrained in their choices. Policy makers must understand the budget constraints that the consumer faces. To formulate successful policies, policy makers must also consider the bundles that the consumer is permitted and regulate the private healthcare services to reasonable price (Specter, 2010). Government should also devote sufficient resources to improve the quality of care in the public sector and raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people to reduce healthcare costs.Similar policies could also apply in Canada to improve our public healthcare system. Pr ivate companies that offer health insurance often encounter adverse selection. This phenomenon can be explained by asymmetric information when insurance attracts higher than average utilizes than an actual fair premium suggest. Clients purchasing insurance know their actual expenditures whereas the insurance many only knows the distribution of expected expenditures. In this market, the higher health risks tend to drive out the lower health risk people until no market is left; this is known as the Lemons Principle.This is inefficient since insurance company is not able to sufficiently pool its risks. In the U. S, congress passed the Genetic information Nondiscrimination act. This act prohibits insurance company from using genetic information to determine rates (Coursework, 2010). Genetic testing provides the insurance company with pre-existing conditions, which gives insurer incentive to deny coverage or set a higher premium. This bill was unanimously supported by congress such that insurer cannot charge higher premiums based on pre-existing conditions.The main idea of this bill is to protect the community from exploitation by insurance companies, which lead to community rating. At this time, private insurers cannot rely on medical underwriting. However, this act turns the insurance companies into oppression. The only factors they will be allowed to take into account in determining rates will be age, region, and whether or not someone smokes. While the government supports the community rating and universal access, it conflicts with its insistence of that the healthcare reform is dependent on private insurance companies (Coursework, 2010).Yet, the fact is that healthcare system could do Just fine without an insurance system with community rating. Medicare is a and people with disabilities. It may be true to say that private sectors are better in terms of managing costs and providing services, but Medicare's spending on healthcare over the past decade has risen m ore slowly than that of private sectors (Coursework, 2010). Economists all agreed that Medicare is a successful program, but that it needs efficiency improvements to be sustainable in the future (Walker, 2010). Canada can imitate from the success of Medicare in the US.Medicare in Canada is framed by the Canada Health Act; it is designed to ensure that all residents have reasonable access to medical services, on a prepaid basis. Using our existing insurance system, policy makers should expand the government-run health care regardless of risks. Instead of replacing private insurance companies, it would be more sensible to turn them into public utilities. Netherlands and Switzerland have adopted this proposal, which turns out with reasonably good results. Government has a very large role to play in the production of health services.Production of health services is the relationship between health and the health inputs that are needed to produce health. The Case in most developed countri es is that the government plays a significant role in health production (Coursework, 2010). The government provides health care which is either paid with taxes it collects or subsidy that are given to individuals. The government provides other inputs such as controlling pollution and legislation to regulate health safety. The government also carries out health promotion. This is done by promoting healthy lifestyles such as exercise and also raising awareness about diseases.The government also puts regulation on excessive consumption of harmful substances. All this defines the role the government is supposed to play in the provision of healthcare. In conclusion, policymakers in Canada can learn from the lessons discussed. Starting with the example of the Indian health market, policy makers should consider budget constraints particularly for the poor people to devote sufficient resources into public health care to improve the laity and regulate the private health care system with reas onable prices.Government could also raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people to reduce healthcare costs. Secondly, from the US example, it is proven that the healthcare reform does not depend on private insurance companies. Medicare in Canada should also be expanded and private insurer can be turned into public utilities. Finally, though the Canadian government provides medical care, it is important for them to promote health as well. Provision of medical care must go hand in hand with the promotion of health as the case with other developed entries.

Seamus Heaney

Write a close analysis of ‘Death of a Naturalist’ explaining how the poet uses natural imagery and the structure of the poem to convey the themes of the loss of childhood innocence and the formulation of adult identities. How typical is it of the collection ‘Death of a Naturalist’ in terms of the representation of these themes? Seamus Heaney was born in Northern Ireland in 1939. Heaney’s father was a farmer, and a cattle dealer, he was also very popular within the community. It can be said that Seamus Heaney’s reference to farming and love of nature can be due to his upbringing, as well as his regular mention of love and pride for Northern Ireland. Seamus Heaney’s feelings towards Ireland’s cultural controversies are addressed in the majority of his poems, this brings Irish and English literary traditions to attention, and many critics have praised him for the particular attribute. Natural imagery conveys the theme of childhood innocence in ‘Death of a Naturalist’ with the use of ‘childish’ language for example ‘bubbles gargled delicately’, has a paradox effect as the statement is contradictory, it also carries the sense of childhood innocence as playing with bubbles is an activity associated with children. Also, ‘gargled’ is onomatopoeic and pleasant sounding. The quote emphasises children’s innocence and naive outlook on the world and nature. The use of ‘swimming tadpoles’, ‘daddy frog’, ‘mammy frog and ‘little eggs’, all depict an image of childhood innocence, through the basic ‘childlike’ language used as well as the family links, for example ‘mammy’ and ‘daddy’ depict the happy-go-lucky ideology that many young children have, again suggesting that the speaker is a naive, young child. ‘But best of all was the warm thick slobber’, the unattractive, slime is something that appeals to children, conveying further the theme of childhood innocence. The structure also plays a role in conveying the theme of childhood innocence. The whole first stanza has an ignorant tone to it, with the message that nature is amazing, and so problem free, ‘there were dragon-flies, spotted butterflies, but best of all was the warm thick slobber’ the tone being so simple minded, as although the speaker is describing the most beautiful aspects of nature, they are fascinated with the thick slobber that appeals to children. The fact that they describe it as ‘best of all’ shows the simplicity of a child’s innocence, and what little it takes to amuse them. It also creates the image of a beautiful appy natural world that appeals to children. There is also a tone that carries a sense of fascination, ‘for they were yellow in the sun and brown in rain. ’ Because speaker is quite interested in, or fascinated by the frog spawn, and we know this due to the tone of the poem ‘best of all’ etc, we are introduced to the fetish by the constant positive description of nature. This coul d reflect to the phase that many children go through, or it could by symbolic of when a child learns something new, so applies it to all aspects of life. The use of enjambment ‘here, every spring I would full jampotfuls of the jellied specks†¦ ’ creates a sense of excitement, the disability to pause, due to the thorough interest emphasises a childlike fetish and innocence. Natural imagery conveys the theme of adult identities emerging, the second stanza starts off with ‘Then’ this appears as though the speaker is reminiscing on their childhood, which suggests the formulation of adult identity. The speaker suggests that as a child they were blind or unaware to the reality of the frogspawn, ‘To a coarse croaking that I had not heard before. ’ The alliteration of ‘coarse croaking’ contrasts to the positive tone used in the first stanza, the quote appears to suggest that the speaker has experienced realisation, or reality, as they have suddenly realised that the frogspawn have a ‘coarse’ sound and that they are now aware that the frogspawn is not as amazing as they first believed. Also there is a line break and the word ‘Before’ appears on the next line starting with a capital letter, this could be symbolic of the fact that the ‘coarse croaking’ had always been around, yet the speaker has just acknowledged it, or realised it was there, emphasising the point of realisation, creating a further image of the formulation of adult identity. Gross-bellied frogs’ suggests that the frogs seem ugly to the speaker now, which contrasts to the description of frogs made in the first stanza ‘but best of all was the warm thick slobber of frogspawn’ the contrast indicates the change in mind, or the loss of childhood innocence, and the formulation of adult identities. ‘I sickened turned and ran’ implies that the speaker felt repulsed by the nature whereas as a child they loved the nature so much that they would ‘wait and watch’ this appears to be a child changing as adult identities are introduced. That if I dipped my hand the spawn would clutch it,’ expresses the speakers feelings; if they played around with nature again bad would come from it. This forms the idea that as an adult the speaker has learnt their lesson and will not be childish and play with it anymore. The second stanza carries army connotations, implying that the frogs are going to get revenge or attack the speaker, this is suggested with the use of ‘rank,’, ‘angry,’ , ‘obscene threats,’ ‘poised like mud grenades,’, ‘great slime kings,’ and ‘vengeance,’. These words and phrases suggest that the frogs are there to take revenge in a war like manner, for the fact that the speaker stole the spawn as a child, the words all describe the frogs in a harsh, aggressive way, which again contrasts to the description made in the 1st stanza ‘nimble swimming tadpoles,’. However, the use of the word ‘kings’ in the second stanza indicates that the speaker may still admire the frogs, despite all the negative feelings they have towards them. vThe speaker is suggesting that frogs are everywhere and they are ugly, ‘gross-bellied', pictured with assonance in the phrase ‘cocked on sods'. Their flabby necks are described by Heaney with the simile ‘pulsed like sails'. The sound of their movements is expressed by onomatopoeia: ‘slap and plop', which obviously disgusted Heaney who felt that these were ‘obscene threats'. In line thirty their stance is described by the simile ‘Poised like mud grenades', an image that echoes the war-like connotation of the word ‘invaded' in line twenty-four. Heaney again voices his distaste for the sound of the frogs in the phrase ‘their blunt heads farting'. This negative description indicates the speaker’s annoyance at the realisation of the frogs, as the adult identity is introduced. The structure of the 2nd stanza contrasts to the 1st stanza. Where the 1st stanza has a loving, fascinated tone, the 2nd stanza carries an angry, hateful tone, ‘obscene threats. ’ The fact that the first stanza is almost double the length of the second, connotes that the speaker had an enjoyable childhood, and the second stanza resembling the adult identities came too quickly and brought along realisation that nature wasn’t what it seemed and also the annoyance that the speaker learnt so late that what they loved as a child wasn’t at all reality. The use of alliteration and assonance emphasise the hatred and annoyance felt towards nature, for not being what they thought it was. This can suggest the adult identity being formed, learning new things and realising childhood was innocent and naive. It can be a metaphor for life, thinking, as a child that life is amazing yet when you grow up, and are an adult you realise that life isn’t as great as what you first thought. Blackberry-Picking is poem that resembles Death of a Naturalist, its use of structure and natural imagery to convey the themes of loss of childhood innocence and formulation of adult identities. Natural imagery and structure convey the theme of loss of childhood innocence with basic language such as ‘big dark blobs’ to describe the blackberries and with the description of lust for the berries connotes a childish fetish or fascination for picking and eating the berries ‘Leaving stains upon the tongue and lust for picking. Summer’s blood ‘connotes the hard work and effort put into picking the berries during the school holidays, which conveys the theme of childhood innocence. Structure conveys the loss of childhood innocence in this poem with the only rhyming couplet signifying the child’s enjoyment of berry picking, ‘glossy purple know among others, red, green, hard as a knot. ’ The half rhyme that goes through the poem also conveys a child like tone; it carries a playful, fun message. Natural imagery and structure also convey the theme of formulation of adult identities. ‘A rat grey fungus glutting on our cache. ’ The inclusion of the word ‘rat' in the metaphor emphasizes the distaste of this deterioration. Also ‘the sweet flesh would turn sour. ’ As well as ‘the lovely canfuls smelt of rot. ’ These quotes all suggest a positive object turned negative, which could metaphorically resemble the speaker’s life; as a child it was lovely and fun, and then as an adult it changed to difficult and bitter. The structure also conveys the theme of the formulation of adult identities with the use of the half rhyme representing berries that could have been sweet, and ‘right’ but instead being sour and ‘wrong’. The last two lines of the poem have a rhyming couplet, ‘lovely canfuls smelt of rot. Each year I hoped they’d keep, knew they would not. ’ This could signify the continuation of hope through the adult life, metaphorically speaking; hope that life would go back to being youthful and fun. To conclude I would say that it is typical of Heaney’s styl e of writing to convey the themes of adult life and child innocence through natural imagery and structure. Heaney uses natural imagery in many of his poems and as well as symbolising the themes we have looked at he also uses natural imagery and structure to convey the message of his Northern Irish roots. The use of natural imagery and structure conveys the themes of loss childhood innocence and formulation of adult identities and is typical through many of Heaney’s poems.